失眠病人为什么会多梦
经常听到有人说：“昨晚没休息好，做了一夜的梦”、“我晚晚梦多，简直没有睡着”。于是，白天工作学习精力不足。彷佛梦真的耽误了休息。有些医生也承认多梦是大脑不曾休息或休息不好的表现。其实这种看法是错误的。做梦并能回忆梦境并不是睡眠不深的标志，也不能说做了梦就夜间没有睡好。因为不管你有无梦的回忆和梦感，你每晚上都必定要做4～5回梦，说整夜做梦是夸张，说没有做梦也不现实，更谈不上梦多梦少。国内、外学者都对主诉失眠整夜做梦或梦多的慢性失眠患者，进行过生理实验，多道睡眠图记录证明“梦多”、“整夜做梦”的病人的睡眠周期和正常人没有什么差别，其伴有梦的快相睡眠所占的比例和实际时间也没有明显缩短或延长；心理测验发现，这类体验同性格有关。无论从睡眠普遍规律，还是实验观察的结果，都说明失眠与梦感无必然联系，因而多梦不是判断失眠和失眠程度的客观指针。
梦是快相睡眠期的必然生理现象，其表现形式有表象成份又带有感性性质的记忆活动和超常规的联想。而梦感则是醒后对梦中某些情节的回忆，或只留有曾做过梦的印象，却记不清楚梦的内容。主诉失眠伴多梦所说的梦实际是指梦感，与情绪因素和性格特点有关。
临床观察及实验结果都证明，长期失眠患者的主诉是不可靠的，有心理紊乱现象，往往对睡眠潜伏期估计过高，而对实际睡眠时间估计过低。专家们认为，失眠的体验与情绪、性格有关。
诉说“整夜做梦或梦多”的理由有如下五点：
（一）睡眠知识及睡眠与梦感的关系所知甚少。许多人不了解睡眠的周期交替变化，不知道梦在睡眠中的地位，在生理上的作用，以及梦与梦感的区别，不知道梦与梦感没有副作用。许多人对梦有恐惧感，认为做梦影响了睡眠。
（二）与人的情绪状态有关。许多人对情绪障碍缺乏认识，不认为是病，过分注重情绪障碍伴发的失眠、多梦、疼痛等症状，不知道如何调节和改善自己的情绪，反而夸大了不太客观的体验。
（三）对自己的健康过分关心，过分关注梦感，导致梦感增强，又加重了对健康的担心，对失眠的恐惧，以致形成恶性循环。
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（四）有些人再快相睡眠期醒来或紧接着快相睡眠期之后醒来，致使对梦境的回忆程度增高。
（五）个体功能状态差异。每个人对梦感不同，同一个人在不同的时期，功能状态有别，对梦感的程度也会不同。所以，有时感到梦多，有时感到梦少。失眠和梦感没有必然的联系。“整夜做梦”确实是自我感觉，绝不是有意的捏造。但感觉也可以出现错觉，因为不同的功能状态导致梦感不同，不能准确地反应客观事实。
